{"id":17377,"date":"2022-12-09T11:39:30","date_gmt":"2022-12-09T10:39:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/erasmushouse.museum\/2022\/12\/bijzondere-voorwerpen-nr-9\/"},"modified":"2022-12-12T11:51:32","modified_gmt":"2022-12-12T10:51:32","slug":"unusual-objects-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.erasmushouse.museum\/en\/unusual-objects-9\/","title":{"rendered":"The unusual objects No. 9"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row content_text_aligment=&#8221;left&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1586273780651{margin-top: -50px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;2\/3&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;7289&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;40px&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3>Bon Air Garden City and the rise of socialism in Belgium<\/h3>\n<div id=\"gtx-trans\" style=\"position: absolute; left: -1px; top: 0px;\">\n<div class=\"gtx-trans-icon\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;40px&#8221;][vc_column_text]<strong>While the Beguinage is being reorganised, Erasmus House is putting an unusual objects from the municipal museums\u2019 vast historical, archaeological, folk art and religious collections on display each month. This month the museum is exhibiting the presentation trowel of Bon Air Garden City, which will soon be celebrating the centennial of its founding. This housing estate recently underwent renovations designed to restore its original style. <\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;40px&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/6&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=&#8221;top&#8221; content_text_aligment=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_masonry_media_grid element_width=&#8221;6&#8243; grid_id=&#8221;vc_gid:1670840926654-2a462c48-7a24-8&#8243; include=&#8221;17363,17366&#8243;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Ceremonial trowel used by King Albert I to lay the first stone of Bon Air Garden City and etched with the inscription: \u201c<em>Cette truelle a servi le 15 avril 1923 \u00e0 Sa Majest\u00e9 Albert 1er pour la pose de la premi\u00e8re pierre de la Cit\u00e9-jardin &#8220;Bon Air&#8221; construite par le Foyer Anderlechtois<\/em>\u201d. (\u201cThis trowel was used by His Majesty Albert I on 15 April 1923 to lay the first stone of \u2018Bon Air\u2019 Garden City built by [the housing society] Foyer Anderlechtois\u201d)<\/p>\n<p>Belgium<br \/>\nWood, wrought iron<br \/>\n1923<br \/>\n35 x 15,5 x 15 cm<br \/>\nInv. BEG 5429[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text]Anderlecht boasts three garden cities built on its territory between the wars, namely, Moortebeek, La Roue and Bon Air. They were designed to meet the expectations of the hygienist movement that was initiated by doctors and chemists who were working on methods to protect and improve public health at the time. The common aim of these developments, according to the Belgian post-war reconstruction theoretician Louis Van der Swaelen, was \u201cto house all men in a way that was worthy of human beings\u201d. This month Erasmus House Museum presents the trowel that was used to lay the first stone of the Bon Air housing estate.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;44px&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6>The history of garden cities<\/h6>\n<p>The early 19<sup>th<\/sup> century was a period of industrial growth that generated a huge influx of people seeking work in town. The manufacturers of the time built workers\u2019 quarters in order to house their workforces less expensively. The best workers were rewarded by being given larger, better ventilated houses, whilst the others had to make do with lodgings that were overcrowded and not fit for habitation. These blue-collar quarters, which were built on the towns\u2019 outskirts, triggered worry in the ruling class. The most affluent feared that epidemics would spring up in these neighbourhoods and social uprisings would follow. Working class poverty was also a matter of concern, for it spawned begging and crime. A survey of Brussels housing conducted by the journalist \u00c9douard Ducp\u00e9tiaux in 1838 revealed the unhealthy conditions that reigned at the time, inciting the country\u2019s leaders to adopt various laws to correct them. Some of them, such as the Belgian politician Hector Denis, tried to create decentralised companies that would enable the public authorities to work in the building sector without depending on private capital. However, not until war and the destruction of countless homes that it brought would new, better equipped neighbourhoods emerge.<br \/>\nThe blueprints for Bon Air, like those for other garden cities, were drawn in the wake of World War I, although the concept of these \u201cgreen\u201d housing estates was proposed by Belgian members of the social hygiene movement as a solution for worker housing as of 1880.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h6>The Bon Air Garden City ceremonial trowel<\/h6>\n<p>A ceremonial trowel (the silver or presentation trowels of UK history) is a relatively rare object. The Belgian heritage inventories drawn up by the Royal Institute of Artistic Heritage (IRPA) identify only a dozen of them in Belgium dating from 1600 to 1950. These trowels were used only once, that is, to build an administrative building such as the Town Hall of Saint-Gilles, the Congress Column, or the Brussels Royal Warehouse. The secular States borrowed this celebration from the Catholic Church, which consecrates the laying of the first stone of an edifice in a special ceremony.<\/p>\n<p>This housing estate was christened \u201cBon Air\u201d (Good Air) because it exuded health and cleanliness. In the same vein, the streets that bordered it were called Hygiene Street, Healthiness Street, and even Fertility Street, and surrounded by a green belt. This estate was built to house the residents of Brussels\u2019s blue-collar neighbourhoods, which were barely fit for habitation, and the Marolles in the run-up to major town-planning works of Haussmannian inspiration. The single-family houses all had small front gardens and the estate was built in three phases spread out between 1930 and 1953.<br \/>\nThe dwellings belong to the municipal social housing society Foyer Anderlechtois, which also owns La Roue. The latter looks more like a blue-collar development, whereas Bon Air is more the incarnation of a middle-class garden city. The project architect was Hermann Voets, brother of the sculptor Victor Voets, who also worked on the plans for La Roue. That explains the similarities between the two neighbourhoods. On 15 April 1923, King Albert I laid the first cornerstone of Bon Air Garden City using the trowel displayed here and which bears the following text:<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab<em> Cette truelle a servi le 15 avril 1923 \u00e0 Sa Majest\u00e9 Albert I<sup>er<\/sup> pour la pose de la premi\u00e8re pierre de la Cit\u00e9-jardin &#8220;Bon Air&#8221; construite par le Foyer Anderlechtois<\/em> \u00bb<br \/>\n[\u201cThis trowel was used by His Majesty Albert I on 15 April 1923 to lay the first stone of \u2018Bon Air\u2019 Garden City built by [the housing society] Foyer Anderlechtois\u201d]<br \/>\nThis presentation trowel is more than a simple honorific object; it symbolises the rebirth of a war-ravaged country in which social actions were being taken to improve the Belgians\u2019 well-being.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/erasmushouse.museum\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/ERASME_Brochure_OBJET-INSOLITE_EN_9_RTP_2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Read the full brochure about the Bon Air Garden City ceremonial trowel\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><\/h5>\n<h5><a href=\"https:\/\/erasmushouse.museum\/en\/practical-information\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Practical information about your visit<\/a><\/h5>\n<h5>Research and text<\/h5>\n<p>Meggy Chaidron<\/p>\n<h5>Acknowledgements<\/h5>\n<p>Zahava Seewald<br \/>\nC\u00e9line Bultreys<br \/>\nAnne Deckers[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_masonry_media_grid element_width=&#8221;3&#8243; gap=&#8221;10&#8243; grid_id=&#8221;vc_gid:1670840926654-cf64f941-3eb2-5&#8243;][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Proins gravida nibh vel velit auctor aliquet. Aenean sollicitudin, lorem quis bibendum auctor, nisi elit de conse qu atip sum,<br \/>\nnec sagittis dolor sit amet, consectetur adipis eng elit. In ut ulla corper leo, eget eui et orci. Cum et sociis natoques<br \/>\npenatibu et magnis parturie montes, nascetur ridicu lus mus. Vestibu ni ultricies aliquam de convallis. Des ece nas utimsems<br \/>\ntellus proin tinci de lectt, consectetur adipis eng elit. In ut ulla cor. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":17349,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[614,457,615,613],"class_list":["post-17377","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-temporary-exhibitions","tag-ceremonial-trowel","tag-collections-des-musees-danderlecht-en-2","tag-municipal-museums-vast-collections","tag-the-bon-air-garden-city"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The unusual objects No. 9 - Erasmus House<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the ceremonial trowel used by King Albert I to lay the first stone of Bon Air Garden City.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.erasmushouse.museum\/en\/unusual-objects-9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The unusual objects No. 9 - 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